What does the term "point of view" refer to in literature?

The term "point of view" in literature specifically refers to the perspective from which a story is narrated. This aspect is crucial because it shapes the reader’s understanding and interpretation of the narrative. The point of view determines how much the reader knows about the characters' thoughts and feelings and what information is revealed or withheld. For instance, a first-person point of view offers direct insight into the narrator's experiences and emotions, whereas a third-person omniscient viewpoint allows for a broader understanding of all characters' inner workings.

Other options address important elements of storytelling, but they do not capture the essence of "point of view." The author's opinion pertains more to thematic elements or commentary within the text rather than the narrative perspective itself. The physical setting relates to the time and place of the story, which influences context and atmosphere but does not define how the story is presented. The historical background might provide context for the narrative but is not synonymous with the perspective from which the narrative is conveyed. Each of these alternatives may play a role in the narrative, yet none encapsulate the specific meaning of point of view as accurately as recognizing it as the perspective from which the story is told.