What is direct characterization?

Direct characterization occurs when the author explicitly states the traits, qualities, or characteristics of a character, rather than allowing readers to draw their own conclusions through actions or dialogue. This technique provides clarity and specificity about a character’s personality, appearance, or motivations. For example, an author might describe a character as "kind-hearted" or "arrogant," giving the reader immediate insight into that character.

The other options involve indirect methods of characterization, such as inference through actions or dialogue, or providing background information about the setting, which does not directly relate to the traits of characters themselves.